the blog index
(where mean, bitter, perhaps the reason for their failures, or perhaps why the target is always seemingly unattainable, though ostensibly "to stop" being fat is indisputable. But not to feel guilty, remember that in these matters "guilt" is absolutely forbidden)
Twelfth Hypothesis
the harmful anorectic
-Remove
hunger ..... That is the solution! - said so long ago the doctors who devoted their talents to "combat obesity."
course, thought that they were fat because they ate a lot, as we saw in the fifth scenario, and as those who attended to ask for their help to "heal" they just gave the recommendation to eat little and they could not meet such a requirement for more effort to put themselves in the attempt to not be able to withstand hunger during the long time the treatment lasted, it was concluded that the only way to arrive at a good destination was to find a way to stop suffering.
And they devised many things.
In these widgets are the called anorectics . 'Anorexia' is derived from the Greek word means literally "lack of hunger" (but it is used only to define the lack of hunger in situations where it would be logical to feel that feeling). 'Geno' also comes from Greek and means "me monster" . It's called "anorectic" thus removing any element that hunger, without any food normal (normal foods, whether they are sufficient, also remove hunger, but no one would call "anorectic" two succulent paella dishes.) Later
surgical techniques were used to "help you lose weight", and lately have been Fashionable "deterrent" , although surgical techniques, these days, are "the last of the latter."
begin to explain how each system allowing the end to amphetamines, and thanks to the methodical observation of those who've consumed, I have discovered a new undesirable action of them (although as the term "undesirable" becomes somewhat meager in this case, my patients find it better to replace it with the words "terrible" or "dreadful." We will see that, unfortunately, are not wrong.)
1 - anorectics physical (Amphetamines are "anorectics chemicals", I will talk): If true
one fat because they eat much , the idea was ingenious. The issue was to find some substance "low calorie" (very important condition if in fact it was the excess calorie intake causes the fat) which when ingested fill the stomach to the point where time to eat real nutrients with very little of them got satiety. Many were tested: seaweed, methylcellulose, derived from casein ...
Here in Argentina, the first commercial product of "great impact "I remember having met appeared in the early 80's. It was a preparation that launched a prestigious pharmaceutical laboratories. "That puzzled me very much: that a prestigious laboratory was launched as a commercial venture, in my view, nonsensical
The" elixir of the perfect silhouette "was a powder flavored with vanilla or chocolate (even the possibility gave preferences to choose one) which dissolved in water and drink before meals. That would fill the stomach, say and make round beads, half, so eating half later than usual, one would feel satisfied. Obviously
no funcionó a pesar de que gastaron fortunas en publicitarlo. Los asesores del Laboratorio, es lo que imagino, no han de haberse percatado que la mayoría de los potenciales candidatos a consumir la pócima, no soportarían ver desaparecer su conflicto eclipsante, por lo que dejarían de hacerlo con alguna excusa (el precio de cada dosis, por ejemplo) a pesar de sus aparentes “mágicos resultados”.
Por esas épocas aparecieron galletitas (curiosamente saborizadas igual: vainilla o chocolate) que producían el mismo efecto.
A principios de los 90 un conocido dietólogo de Buenos Aires retomó la idea y salió a publicitarla por televisión y la prensa escrita. Pero él fue un poco further, claimed that their product directly (same characteristics: water soluble powder taste delicious vanilla or chocolate a. ... "I never could explain why everyone chooses the two tastes, if they could have given what I the Parmesan cheese, or smoked ham, some say that at least I like a lot-) claimed that its product, saying, "replace two meals a day" . Yes sir, as it reads: advised replace two meals a dose of product each time. What do you mean by "food"?. Absolutely all the patients I surveyed about this they said "Lunch and dinner, of course
The product contained less than twenty grams of protein per serving, as I remember praying in the label, so that customers to consume two servings a day, as advised, only ingest about thirty five grams a day (make no mistake, the proteins that you eat at breakfast and lunch, or at any other time "between meals" are virtually none). The World Health Organization (with which I am not one hundred percent disagree, I must clarify) as the minimal dose advised seventy grams of protein daily. I would argue that the daily ration should be higher, one can not know what absorption capacity she has the gut of every human being according to the idiosyncrasies of their digestive physiology or the source from which the extract according to their ability or their customs. If the assimilative capacity was seventy percent, and eat only seventy grams, its economy will enter only forty-nine, and that is totally inadequate, especially if someone who is still at the stage of physical development. Anyway, consuming much more protein than you need is not harmful in any way. The body just incorporate it needs, or know you will need in the immediate. Let us agree once and for all: Nature has provided us with a wonderful "computer to take advantage of food", with an almost magical "machine to survive." Is totally useless to waste time trying to challenge it in these conflicts. Whatever we discover, she already had made up before, of course.
When a radio program here in Rosario, for those times when I criticized the venture, phone someone who became known as a representative of the laboratory that manufactured and marketed the product threatened me, very badly, with me trial if I do not retract (?). Surely all it was just a joke from a listener idle I thought then, but do it acted as a laboratory manager, was supposed to, I spoke from Buenos Aires! (Too bad then as now even we did not have caller ID. That I had removed the doubt.)
But neither the new invention worked. That's obvious, if not still continue to sell. Have raised much more money during the time that overweight people, hopeful, and consumed as "safest way to resolve the conflict", as very credible warnings announced the television and newspapers. I always say the same thing: "Cheating the illusion has no legal penalty, but neither has to be forgiven human ". Anyway ...
2 - Mechanical anorectics:
Another anorectic that was designed decades ago, I think in England, was put into the stomach of the fat, through a nasogastric tube, a ball made of a plastic material resistant to digestive juices to be inflated more or less according to the "severity of the fat of those who needed the service." To occupy a good portion of the gastric volume, the stomach is "fill" very soon with little food. The idea was that when the patient was "thin" was deflated and extracted the engine, and then the "ex fat" should take care not to return a. ..
The only contraindication that was the method is that sometimes the balloon is deflated and kept current only through the digestive tract, so it had to operate the "unfortunate" and get it out of your small intestine, but the percentages of those events were so low that they did "a very safe," according to "experience" of their creators. To avoid such disasters someone came up to fill the balloon with water and methylene blue, rather than air. Thus, if the ball is "pricked" the carrier would begin to urinate blue, which was an unequivocal notice of the accident, what should attend urgently to the clinic to have it removed immediately. What they overlooked is that a balloon filled with one or two liters of water weighs one or two kilos, and if support for an hour or two such weight in one wall of the stomach (in moments of sleep, for example) we are preventing the circulation in the area of \u200b\u200bsupport, which will occur first and then a heart attack a bleeding ulcer that can cause death to those who suffer, as has already happened, unfortunately.
What happened when you removed the ball had already "thin"?. I do not know what to say, I never found no statistics to talk about it. Are we so far from Europe ...
3 - surgical anorectics:
The surgeons also took part in these problems.
Lately it has become fashionable around the world ("it has become fashionable" is a way of saying, the treatment costs around fifteen thousand dollars) to operate on patients too fat (or whatever you want if you can pay that amount ) by 'very little invasive techniques', to place a kind of belt around the stomach, so this takes the form of an hourglass. When eaten, quickly filled the top division, which is the smallest, and the operator sits awash with very little food and stop eating. When is enough weaken the reoperations, they are removed the plastic strip that bisected his stomach during the whole process, and then he ..... They also figured that if it excluded a large portion of small intestine by a very ingenious surgical technique to occur thereafter great difficulty in absorbing nutrients during the rest of their lives, to submit to the experience would not forced to "lose weight." But on this, but imagine the consequences, I can not comment, because I have never known anyone who has subjected to such mutilation at least more than five years (recently know of several).
I apologize for all the ironies, but with these "solutions offered by science," the least I can do is ironic.
4 - anorectics for deterrence:
Recently the market has arrived deterrent products.
For the treatment of alcoholism for many years used this strategy. They were given to take tablets of a drug called disulfiram , and while she was still in the body, if she drank alcohol there was a terribly reaction agonizing that naively thought, discourage them from drinking forever.
all ended when they discovered it was the disulfiram-alcohol mixture the cause of such reaction. What were they doing then?: Stopped taking the tablet and still, quietly, consuming alcohol. Some pharmacists devised
once ingested substances that trap the fats that are consumed (which from the point of view of trying to thin it from inhibiting the absorption of them is totally irrelevant and antiphysiological, as we saw, in strict herbivores, such as us). If you consume a little more than nothing fat, cataclysmic diarrhea occur. Have thought then, as before with disulfiram, how debilitating diarrhea that fat people do, for fear of getting it, "would stop eating a lot" and "adelgazarían." (Again I apologize for the abuse of quotation marks, but what would you do for me?).
What do fat people who dare to consume these products? ... Like alcoholics: stop consuming and to something else!
Again: how much money you have to win the laboratories to commercialize such concoctions warn consumers that do not serve any .
5 - anorectics come (or those without weight loss anorectic promise as "enviable")
I do not know what they will invent, but something different has to happen to them. Fat people have a tendency to pretend to pay money to feel false guilt for having gained weight, and there are many who want to raise, no matter what part of it (this is why all these rare products are so expensive: - the more you pay, the faster I get rid of my guilt-)
God save the "drugs antigordura" to come.
6 .- The chemical anorectics:
These products became popular in the pharmaceutical market for just over half a century, and are the perfect example of the iatrogenic. Chemical anorectics are total and absolute denial of this beautiful and ancient advice to physicians: "primum non nocere" (first do no harm).
are drugs that act on central nervous system, more precisely in a vital region of it called the hypothalamus. Researchers studying the issue have not yet agreed on the way it works. Some argue that suppress the hunger center, others say that what they accomplish is to stimulate the satiety center, and there are some who disagree with these hypothesis: GW Thorn, in Harrison, said "... Patients experience a sense of wellness by taking these drugs, and it is believed that the decrease in appetite is a result of distraction" (sic).
Sea which was the mode of action, the fact is that the undesirable effects of amphetamines are truly alarming. To pluralize the word is that the derivatives of amphetamine sulphate primitive are several, but the same more or less pronounced effects. These derivatives were tested trying to minimize, at each new compound, the side effects, or at least some of them, the drug that preceded it on the line research.
But are all the same. The most drastic
known and used even today are: phenmetrazine, dextroamphetamine, diethylpropion mefentermina and . There are also others, such as mazindol and others, without being of the family of the above, transformed, probably by passing through the liver, composed of actions, and contraindications are similar.
The most serious danger of using any of these products is on the side effects they have (I have always maintained that amphetamines are the only rare drugs whose effects are all secondary). Producing TOXIC DISORDERS ALWAYS, are at the level of central nervous, cardiovascular and digestive systems.
There are many to list, but if I did I would be using the order by terror, and although I can not wait I should not. Even if only in just this subject, date would be against my principles (as I did in my third album "Forever Slim" and today I am sorry to have done).
The only thing I would advise is that if in order to lose weight is taking a drug that decreases their feelings of hunger, you feel a little more than good (euphoric, talkative, garrulous, restless), if a day to not take it, for whatever reason, feel made a wreck, but who will swear that prescribed it does not contain amphetamines , it contains them, or a precursor thereof, or any product of similar adverse effects, so to be, and now throw them away . And if tomorrow feels uncontrollable desire to stir a waste to get one of those little bottles I threw -for today only, this one time, one more and just comprimidito-, go running to a psychiatrist to ask your help, you're facing a true emergency. I assure you.
is most likely already the has used on several occasions, and whenever it is proposed the left to take. I have actually seen many people who have managed to do that, but when you read what follows, surely if the will to shoot, but this time the toilet.
Just as they had in the previous scenario for many years to qualify as many patients "problem patients" , there were many others who had another disorder as incomprehensible to us that not even a name we could think to refer to them. Perhaps "patients enigma" is a rating identifying them perfectly. I mean
people who do things very well come a time when they stopped at a point (which ostensibly was not its thinness), and behaved better than they stopped losing weight.
had no way to cheat, deceive or unconsciously to themselves, or of making mistakes, without the owners notice, as the analysis of ketonuria that each visit efectuábamos always gave correct results. But despite that there was no progress. We always
conformábamos with the reassuring hypothesis of "temporary impasse" which noted in all patients without exception. Indeed, even the most successful through stages more or less long without seeing results despite following our advice at the bottom of the letter, as they always do. Then, mysteriously turn into another period of desengorde until, again, again halted for a while, and so on until the end (of this universal phenomenon as yet I have not found any logical explanation, I failed to imagine any scenario that could explain).
As usual thing, the evidence said the process had run its course despite the heinous periods where everything stayed the same for several weeks. He even used as an argument to warn all those who make some kind of unholy treatment, if in the process of thinning is not present these stages of detention is that they are thinner, but emaciated.
But "patients enigma" (can not think of another euphemism to refer to them) things were puzzling. His periods of stagnation , to be so long, the disheartened so they left to visit (obviously think that the "method" that we proposed did not work in them.) The logic of the process of thinning looked disrupted physiological : if a person has fat reserves, which is to say that they have accumulated energies if their source of exogenous carbohydrate is scarce, the scarce this opportunity to consume very little about them, should get their hands on their deposits, so that adipose tissue would have to be decreasing in thickness with the thinning would be the logical consequence.
But this fact did not occur in them. They behaved as thin people (those with no excesses on their deposits), which are restricted carbohydrate intake for other reasons: diabetes, dyslipidemia, digestive problems, etc. They also have ketones in urine, but their actions and their weight does not fall.
Ketones, in this case, are the product of glucose converted into fat and protein intake, and that the absence of fat itself can not glucose out of them (note that this mechanism would be cheaper).
enigmatic
But those patients they had, it was clear, fat reserves, then why not resort to it in the absence into the intake?, Why agencies chose the most expensive way: remove the lipids and proteins were part of their daily diet have to reach so inexpensive source?
really was an enigma.
all started to unravel, interestingly at the end of l998.
As the subject is so difficult to express in this once talk about weight so you can understand it better, or I do not so difficult to explain.
Hilda M., consulted me for the first time in l995. I was too fat. To give you an idea of \u200b\u200bher weight I tell him that his stature is a bit lower than the average for a woman, and weighed 95 kg at their first visit. He told me he had used amphetamines always, since early adolescence and until a few weeks ago.
began to follow my directions and the results were good (it is an excellent patient) until they weighed 88 kg there is "stalled." Although still doing great things stopped progressing. I explained it was normal for that to happen, but after four or five weeks, overwhelmed by this unexpected "failure", he stopped attending.
A few months back resigned, but this time with 98 kilos in tow. Again
arrived safely at 88, and returning to stagnate again abandoned the attempt.
returned in late 1996, but this time weighing just over 100 kilograms. We had a long talk, listened to my theory of the two captains "and agreed to be that I will tell you without trying to become, once in the second captain .
in April 1997 and had achieved its famous and historic 88 kg, which was the limit and because of its previous bounce
We anticipate beginning, certainly, its "stagnation stage", so you should be patient until the end. We had agreed, at the behest of her, who would attend the consultation every Friday, because if left to do, he argued, had no confidence in their ability to continue to respect the rules imposed power.
When we arrived in mid-1998, his weight was always hovering around the impassable 88.
- how long shall I stuck? - I asked, showing a great resignation. I did not know that answer would be for me it was unprecedented for so long, especially when his contract was to care much (the ketonuria always four or five crosses showed me), and because he had experience as someone who was "obedient" remained popular for so long despite not getting the results (at least in relation to weight) "This final point is very important. When a patient enigma, which apart from being fat have diabetes, or changes in the values \u200b\u200bof lipids in the blood or digestive problems, to reach the "weight cap" that amphetamines have predestined, if they carefully we see that his diabetes, or hypercholesterolemia, their elevated triglyceride or disorders digestivos, siguen mejorando mes a mes. Estos problemas, según lo conversamos en la octava Hipótesis, no tienen nada que ver con la gordura en sí misma-
Un viernes en que llovía a mares por lo que los pacientes que la sucedían estaban ausentes, tuvimos mucho tiempo para conversar de tan espinoso tema.
–No sé que pasa, Hilda, su orina demuestra que está elaborando glucosa, pero como su grasa no disminuye de volumen, no sé de donde la está consiguiendo.–
–Es mi destino, doctor, el 88 es mi número.....–
–¿Qué quiere usted decir con eso de “el 88 es mi número”?–
–Es que from fourteen years always let me go only to that weight. When he reached resorted to a doctor who gave me amphetamines, down to sixty, and allowed to take. Then he would get fat, and when he got back to the 88 consulted with another recetármelas again. And so on until a few weeks before talking for the first time three years ago
The conversation continued in that vein, and I became increasingly alarmed by the ideas that came to my mind: Could it be that these damn drugs exert such an action after eating them for a while somehow block the ability of fat cells (adipocytes) to deliver when carbohydrate intake is restricted, as is normal and physiological?
I mentioned, and its expression was expected: - No, by God! May be wrong! -.
I also thought the same thing. God grant that my idea is nothing more than a misinterpretation of the evidence!
Then we said goodbye until next week came to my mind the names of six or seven "patients enigma", my secretary, recalled the other goals.
She searched his records and found the dreaded all common factors: had used amphetamines, and come a time far away from its thinness, had "Stalled."
As the entries on each tab, we were very brief and vague, I decided to phone each (all women). I managed to eleven, and to my horror all told me the same thing once (or repeatedly) had taken amphetamines to reach a weight equal to that, mysteriously, had been arrested in the process of thinning when I consulted physiological .
I began to deepen the questioning of patients attending for those times at my office (including many men), and had consumed these products.
When total respondent had more than sixty, just a woman was achieving less weight than they ever had when it was prescribed.
Over the months went by increasing the number of cases. When we got to about one hundred and fifteen, only three weighed less than when they started eating. The rest stop at the weight they had in this unfortunate time that a professional gave them some product "to help them endure hunger."
consulted with pathologists, pharmacologists, and nobody knew how to explain the phenomenon. PROVISIONAL HYPOTHESIS
RISING FROM ALL THE EVIDENCE:
Those who have used amphetamines or similar for no less than four months (no matter if they did that continue, or discontinued but in total add up that time at least. It is as if the effect was cumulative) have a high percentage of probability that the minimum weight to be achieved, if they use a physiological way to do that, not less than the maximum weight they had when they began using these harmful drugs.
course if subjected to a diet that will drop very distressed now minimum weight, but that should not be because of losing fat (which is the only thing that turns them into fat), but a significant loss of muscle mass, visceral volume, etc., as I explained in the fifth Hypothesis. Loss is bound to be transient as the precarious state of health they get by literally starving for a long time, will force them to eat more correctly, so that they will recover the amount of muscle mass and the everything else, so that their state will be the beginning.
is by this that my patients called "terrible" or "terrible" to this possible action of the consumption of anorectics undesirable chemicals.
I pray that this is not only an unfortunate coincidence that no more than an error in my assessment.
Hilda keeps coming to my office every Friday. Remains entrenched in its 88 kilos by now we both have hopes that after so much stress, metabolism of fat cells to normal. It would be great.
Do you realize, even now, why it took as its motto the words of Poincaré?. Why did I warned in the preface that some things were not going to read to like?
If consumed the drugs, if you can not lose more than the weight it had when they were prescribed, this could be an explanation of this odious phenomenon.
When in the second scenario I defined a thin person would say that is that it measures (bust, waist, hips, thighs ...) which corresponds according to their sex, age, physical activity, culture, heritage and circumstances. And among the latter was that of having consumed or amphetamines. If it could happen, and no more low rather than behave in their "correct and physiological way of eating" is very likely that this is the new thin . Sorry. Hilda and I have the hope that by insisting, everything will be resolved over time.
not do anything crazy for wanting to force this new equilibrium, because if much force can break. But remember that if you leave, not prevent the bloody amphetamines, unfortunately, that their fat cells are still saddled with more than traumatic fat reserves.
If you know someone who is about to consume these products, or who recently started with them, use all the power of conviction to make available not adopt, or abandon them, as appropriate. If everyone did that, some generations fatter then at least be freed from this nightmare.
When the fifties exploded terrible problem thalidomide, it took sacrifice of a generation to stop drug use so awful. Now the effects are apparently not as wretched as those of that drug, but how many generations will it take to get rid of its effects on the fat of the future.
I always wondered, and I invite you were wondering: Physicians who prescribe amphetamines Are they indicate to his father or his mother, his wife, his children or grandchildren if any of them is fat? Will consume themselves if the fat is the conflict?
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